The Stockwell Orphanage for boys was founded by Mr. Spurgeon, the pastor of the Metropolitan Tabernacle (Elephant and Castle). His church had already supported a number of alms houses and following a prayer meeting at which Spurgeon had stressed the need for an orphanage and an article in The Sword and Trowel 1866, a Mrs. Hillyard wrote to Spurgeon offering him �20,000 on condition that he establish an orphanage for boys.

A large plot on what is now Stockwell Park Estate was secured and work on the first building commenced. Money soon poured in and other houses were build. One the Silver Wedding House was as gift from a lady who had received some money from her husband on her silver wedding day. The Merchant's House was the gift of a businessman. The Workmen's House was the combined gift of the contractors and the artisans at work on the building, the former giving the materials, the latter the work. Unity House commemorated a saintly lady. The Testimonial Houses were the gift of the Baptists of Great Britain. The Sunday School House came from the efforts of the Tabernacle Sunday School, and the College House from men educated in the college.

At the entrance to the orphanage was an ornamental arch, surmounted by a bell-turret. On the piers of the archway are appropriate inscriptions, such as- "A Father of the fatherless and a Judge of the widow is God in his holy habitation;" "Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these;" and, "Your heavenly Father feedeth them."

The following description of the edifice is from the pen of Mr. Spurgeon himself:-- "On looking from under the arch the visitor is struck with the size and beauty of the buildings, and the delightfully airy and open character of the whole institution. It is a place of sweetness and light, where merry voices ring out, and happy children play. The stranger will be pleased with the dining-hall, hung round with engravings given by Mr. Graves, of Pall Mall; he will be shown into the boardroom, where the trustees transact the business; and he will be specially pleased with the great play-hall, in which our public meetings are held and the boys' sports are carried on. There is the swimming-bath, which enables us to say that nearly every boy can swim. Up at the very top of the buildings, after ascending two flights of stairs, the visitor will find the school-rooms, which from their very position are airy and wholesome. The floors, scrubbed by the boys themselves, the beds made, and the domestic arrangements all kept in order by their own labour, are usually spoken of with approbation."

The Orphanage, which was commenced in 1868 and opened on 9th September 1869, contained accommodation for 250 children, who were fed, clothed, and taught; all at the cost of about � 5,000 per annum. It was largely dependent on voluntary contributions for its support. The Orphanage received destitute fatherless boys, irrespective of religion, between the ages of six and ten. The care was based on the family model with the boys living in separate houses, under the care of matrons.

In 1879 a girls' wing of the orphanage was inaugurated, Mrs. Hillyard giving the first �50 and Mr. Spurgeon the second �50. The necessary funds were forthcoming and soon the quadrangle was completed, with infirmary, gymnasium and dining hall